Six-phase induction machine operating as a standalone self-excited induction generator

International audienceThis paper deals with the use of multiphase induction machines in renewable energy applications such as wind and hydropower. Thus, some preliminary test results carried out on a six-phase induction machine operating as a stand-alone self-excited induction generator and supplying various loads under different conditions are presented. Firstly, the dynamic model of the power generation system is developed considering the magnetizing inductance saturation and excitation capacitors sizing to ensure the excitation task. Then, simulation and experimental results carried out on a 5.5 kW six-phase squirrel-cage induction generator are presented and discussed

Power factor correction of an electrical drive system based on multiphase machines

International audienceThis paper deals with the energy efficiency improvement of an electrical drive which can be used both in wind energy conversion or motor drive applications. A power factor (PF) control scheme is presented allowing energy efficiency enhancement and optimization in high power variable-speed drives based on multiphase machines. Thus, the double-star induction machine is taken, as an example of multiphase machines, to introduce the principle of the study presented in this paper. In fact, the purpose of this paper is to maintain the PF of the power-winding, of the double star induction machine, in vicinity of unity whatever the drive operating point. Also, this control scheme can be generalized for several kinds of multiphase machines

A Minimization of Speed Ripple of Sensorless DTC for controlled Induction Motors used in Electric Vehicles

International audienceThe main theme of this paper is to present different switching techniques in DTC induction motor drives for electric vehicle applications, witch insert zero-voltage vector and/or more non zero-voltage vectors to the conventional switching table associated to full adaptive flux and speed observer. Those techniques are quite effective in reducing the torque pulsation and the speed ripples of the motors, as demonstrated in experimental results

A Sensorless Direct Torque Control Scheme Suitable for Electric Vehicles

International audienceIn this paper a sensorless control is proposed to increase the efficiency of a Direct Torque Control (DTC) of an induction motor propelling an Electric Vehicle (EV). The proposed scheme uses an adaptive flux and speed observer that is based on a full order model of the induction motor. Moreover, it is evaluated on an EV global model taking into account the vehicle dynamics. Simulations were first carried out on a test vehicle propelled by a 37-kW induction motor to evaluate the consistency and the performance of the proposed control approach. The commonly used European drive cycle ECE-15 is adopted for simulation. The obtained results seem to be very promising. Then, the proposed control approach was experimentally implemented, on a TMS320F240 DSP-based development board, and tested on 1-kW induction motor. Experimental results show that the proposed control scheme is effective in terms of speed and torque performances. Indeed, it allows speed and torque ripple minimization. Moreover, the obtained results show that the proposed sensorless DTC scheme for induction motors is a good candidate for EVs propulsion

A Simple and Effective Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform for Urban Electric Vehicles

This paper deals with hardware-in-the-loop simulation of urban electric vehicles. The proposed platform, which is expected to be used for electric vehicle prototyping, is very simple and effective. Indeed, the induction motorbased powertrain is coupled to DC machine-based load torque emulator taking into account the electric vehicle mechanics and aerodynamics. Experiments are carried-out using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) to show that the proposed hardware-in-the-loop simulation system is effective and provides a simple configuration for prototyping electric vehicles

Hybrid Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel-Inverter Induction-Motor-Drive Direct Torque Control for Automotive Applications

International audienceThis paper presents a hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel motor drive direct torque control (DTC) scheme for electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid EVs. The control method is based on DTC operating principles. The stator voltage vector reference is computed from the stator flux and torque errors imposed by the flux and torque controllers. This voltage reference is then generated using a hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter, where each phase of the inverter can be implemented using a dc source, which would be available from fuel cells, batteries, or ultracapacitors. This inverter provides nearly sinusoidal voltages with very low distortion, even without filtering, using fewer switching devices. In addition, the multilevel inverter can generate a high and fixed switching frequency output voltage with fewer switching losses, since only the small power cells of the inverter operate at a high switching rate. Therefore, a high performance and also efficient torque and flux controllers are obtained, enabling a DTC solution for multilevel-inverter-powered motor drives

Independent Control of Two Induction Motors Fed by a Five Legs PWM Inverter for Electric Vehicles

International audienceThis paper deals with the implementation of an independent control of two induction motors fed by five legs PWM inverter. In this context, two Pulse Width Modulation techniques are presented in order to be included in the indirect field oriented control algoritm. Experiments and simulation are carried-out, on an induction motor drive, to show that the developed independ control of five legs inverter is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in terms of speed and torque responses

A 7-Level Single DC Source Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with a Modified DTC Scheme for Induction Motor-Based Electric Vehicle Propulsion

International audienceThis paper presents a new hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter motor drive DTC scheme for electric vehicles where each phase of the inverter can be implemented using a single DC source. Traditionally, each phase of the inverter requires n DC source for (2n + 1) output voltage levels. In this paper, a scheme is proposed that allows the use of a single DC source as the first DC source which would be available from batteries or fuel cells, with the remaining (n − 1) DC sources being capacitors. This scheme can simultaneously maintain the capacitors of DC voltage level and produce a nearly sinusoidal output voltage due to its high number of output levels. In this context, high performances and efficient torque and flux control are obtained, enabling a DTC solution for hybrid multilevel inverter powered induction motor drives intended for electric vehicle propulsion. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed multilevel inverter and control scheme are effective and very attractive for embedded systems such as automotive applications

A Control Strategy Scheme for Fuel Cell-Vehicle Based on Frequency Separation

International audienceThis paper presents a control strategy scheme based on frequency-separation for Fuel cell-Battery Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), using a Fuel cell (FC) as a main energy source, and a battery as an auxiliary power source. First, an analysis of hybrid architecture using an FC and batteries for automotive applications is presented. Next, the model and the control strategy are described. In this strategy a frequency splitter is used for routing the low frequency content of power demand into the FC and its high frequencies into the battery, taking profit from the battery as a peak power unit. Simulation and experimental results validate the performance of this strategy

Hybrid Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Motor Drive DTC Control for Electric Vehicles

International audienceThis paper presents a hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel motor drive DTC control scheme for Electric (EV) or Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV). The control method is based on Direct Torque Control operating principles. The stator voltage vector reference is computed from the stator flux and torque errors imposed by the flux and torque controllers. This voltage reference is then generated using a hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter, where each phase of the inverter can be implemented using a DC source, which would be available from fuel cells, batteries, or ultracapacitors. This inverter provides nearly sinusoidal voltages with very low distortion, using less switching devices. Due to the small dv/dt's, torque ripple is greatly reduced. In addition, the multilevel inverter can generate a high and fixed switching frequency output voltage with less switching losses, since only the small power cells of the inverter operate at high switching rate. Therefore a high performance and also efficient torque and flux controller is obtained, enabling a DTC solution for multilevel inverter powered motor drives